Improvement in air-heating furnaces



1. P. HAYES.

Air-Heating Furnaces.

N0.l5l,285.

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40h07 www.. /MW ymw Patented May 26,1874.

UNITED STATES JOHN P. HAYES, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT iN AIR-HEATlNG FURNACES.

-Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 151,285, dated May 26,1874; application filed April 11, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. HAYES, of the city ofPhiladelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Air- Heating Furnaces, of which the followin g is a specification My invention relates to the class of portable furnaces for heating air in warming buildings; and consists in the peculiar construction and relative arrangement of certain parts of the same, as will hereinafter be fully and clearly described, whereby a more effective and economical air-heating, portable furnace is produced.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a'side elevation of my said improved portable air-heating furnace. Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section below the dotted line o w, (shown in Fig. 2.) Fig. et is a horizontal section below the dotted line .r y of Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a central vertical section of the fuel-holder detached. A

This heater is oval in its horizontal section, and has its fuel-cylinder A, fuel-door opening a', liredoor opening a, and ash-pit-door opening a" in one end of the oval. The outside casing is made of sheet-iron, and in three parts, .consisting of the base B, body G, and cover D, closely tted together. The base B is divided by vertical partitions into three distinct spaces, i. e., the ash-pit b', into which the 'grate 4 and fire and ash doors a a, respectively, open, and the two spaces b bf, through which the air-heating draft successively passes from the fuel-cylinder A, as will be explained. These three spaces, b b b, are covered by a horizontal plate, 5, except where the grate 4 and lire-door a" open into the ash-pit b', and where the radiating ue-cylinders 6 7 8 9 communicate with the spaces b" bf. 'Ihe airheating draft passes from the fuel-cylinder A through the opening 10, near` its upper end, into cylinder 6 5 thence down through 6 and the space b" of the base B, and up through cylinder 7 thence into and down cylinder S and space b" to and upward through cylinder 9 to the chimney-flue 11; and thus, by radiation, heating the air-chamber, which is between the base Band the cover D. A direct draft from the fuel-cylinder A to the chimneyflue 11 is produced, when required', by opening the valve attached to rod 12, and thus allowing the draft to pass directly through another opening, 13, in the fuel-cylinder A, and across cylinder 9 to the chimney-flue 1l, (see Fig. 3,) the said cylinders 6,47 S 9 being of course closed at their upper ends, vand left open at their lower ends. The hot-air chamber in C has a lining, c', which leaves an airspace, c, around the fuel-cylinder A, and the series of cylinders 6 7 8 9, which is closed at its top and open at its bottoni, and the cold fresh air is admitted to this surrounding spacek at the two opposite sides of C, through openings near the top of said space c, into whichl openings respective \airconducting pipes 14.' 14, vert-ical connecting-pipe 15, and supplypipe 16 lead, the said air spreading around' through the space c, and entering, partiallyV ed to be placed in each pipe inthe usual.1nan

ner.

The fuel-cylinder A is peculiar .in construe1t tion in that it is formed of a plurality of short."

cylinders or fuel-holders, connected together at their ends by surrounding fresh-air chan'-` nels, which receive the fresh air through pipes from the outside of the body C of the furnace, and distribute it at different annular openings' into the series of short fuel-holders, and thusk produce in a more rapid and effective manner the combustion of the fuel, and, consequently, a greater amount of heat. In the present instance, the said fuel-cylinder A is composed of three fuel-holders, a4 a5 a, connected together, the lower end of the top one, a4, entering the upper end of the next one below, a5, and the lower end of the latter entering the upper end of the bottom one, a6. The upper ends of a5 and a6 are enlarged, respectively,

by the annular channels 17 and 18, and the lower ends of a4 and af are, respectively, slipped down into the upp'cr ends of a5 and a6 far enough `to leave only a narrow annular space for air to enter from the channel of each to the interior of the cylinder A, the said enteringportions bein g supported upon the upper edges of the portions entered thereby by means of projecting outside flanges 19 19, (see Fig. 5,) and the whole fuel-holder A supported upon the plate 5, so as to allow the grate 4 to be freely drawn out from beneath A through the fire-door opening a.- (See Figs. 2 and 3.) Fresh air is admitted to the channels 17 and 18 through pipes 20 and 21, which open through both the outside wall and lining' of the 'body C, the mouths of which are fitted with register-plates, so as to close and open them as the draft of fresh air to the annular channels 17 and 18 may be required to be less or more, or stopped olf entirely. The base B, including theV plate 5, and the fuel-holder A, with its co verin g-plate and grate, are intended to be of cast-iron 5 but sheet-iron will be most suitable for all the other parts. S toppered cleanout holes o o are made to give access to the divisions b and b, respectively. (See Figs. 1 and 4.) Two horizontally-arranged separated bars, 22 22,'are fixed across the rear part of the fire-door opening a, which serve as bearings for the usual forked poker in lifting or lightening up the fuel when. desirable. The bottom of the lire-door opening is one inclinedplane, which. conducts any ashes that may fall upon it in agitating the fuel into the I ash-pit b.

It will be understood without any further explanationthat, as the fresh air to be heated enters at the upper part of the space left between the lining e and the outside wall of the body C, and descendsv to the lower. part of the said space before it enters the heating-chamber which incloses the heating-cylinders and fuel-holder, there will not be any waste of heat by radiation from the outside casing or sheet-iron wall of the body C, because the entering air absorbs the heat radiated by the lining c', and carries it back to the air-heating chamber; that the height or length of the fuelcylinder, provided with the fresh-air channels 17 and 18, will produce better combustion of the contained fuel, and consequently increased heat therefrom and the first and fourth cylinders 6 and 9 being of equal height to that of the fuel-cylinder A, andclose to the latter,

' the radiation of heat from both will be very.

great, and, with the additional heat radiated from the other two cylinders, y7 and 8, a very powerful air-heating effect will be produced in the containing-chamber.

It will be seen that the clean-out openings inthe sides of the base B afford ample means for cleaning the divisions b 11 therein without the usual trouble and inconvenience of removing the radiating-cylinders for the purpose; that a greatly-enlarged ash-pit, b', is afforded by the described arrangement of the cylinders; and that the horizontal supportingbars 22 22, just above the grate 4in the opening of the fire-door, will alford importantly useful bearings for a forked poker in lightening up the incandescent fuel andl separating the ashes therefrom intol the ash-pit b; and, moreover, with all these advantages, the heater is portable.

I claim as my invention- K 1. The combination, in a portable air-heating furnace, substantially as described, of the air-entering space c between theoutside casing of the body C and the lining c, lthe said space c receiving fresh air at vits top from pipes 14 14, and discharging it through the space at the bottom edgeof lining c into the hot-air chamber between the top D of the case and the plate 5, with the radiating cylinders 6 7 S 9 and fuel-holder A in the said hot-air chamber, for the purpose'described.

2. The fuel cylinder or holder A, constructed substantially as described, with surrounding fresh-air channels 17 18, opening into said fuel.- holder through respective annular spaces at the bottom edges of said channels, and receiving the fresh air through pipes 20 and 2l from the outside of the furnace, all substantiallyas and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

3. The con11bination, i11 a portable air-heating furnace, substantially as described, of the two horizontally-liked bars 22 22,` with the rear part of the opening a. for the fire-door, and

`the opening in the bottom thereof to the ashpitbelow, for the purpose Vof supporting` the usual forked poker in lifting andv agitating the incandescent fuel in the fuel-holder, and allowing the ashes in front to fall into the ash-pit.

- J. P. HAYES. Vitnesses:

BENJ. MoRIsoN, WM. H. MoRrsoN. 

